Scientists at Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research JNCASR, Bengaluru, Karnataka have developed an innovative pancreas-mimicking system for responsive insulin delivery, aimed at addressing the challenges encountered by individuals with Type 1 and advanced stage Type 2 diabetes. Motivated by the success of a previous passive insulin release system utilizing silk protein fibroin, Professor T. Govindaraju and his team modified the silk protein to create a smart system capable of releasing insulin in response to glucose levels in the blood. Their goal was to replicate the pancreas's function of providing a continuous and controlled supply of insulin in response to elevated glucose levels, thus managing diabetes more effectively.
Study Finding- In this study, the researchers enhanced the system with elements responsive to high glucose levels in the body, triggering insulin release when necessary. Upon injection, the silk formulation forms a gel under the skin, serving as a storage area for insulin. The insulin is then released in a controlled manner from this depot, helping maintain optimal blood sugar levels. The system utilizes glucose-sensing molecules and enzymes to detect changes in glucose levels and initiate insulin release from the gel, functioning as a self-regulating device similar to the pancreas.
Implications- Initial tests on mice have shown promising results in terms of efficacy and bio-compatibility, effectively controlling insulin delivery and normalizing blood sugar levels. The transition to human trials and further development hinges on industry partnerships and funding. Beyond diabetes treatment, the silk-based system holds potential applications in drug delivery, wound healing, and tissue engineering for various medical conditions. Ultimately, this innovative insulin delivery system offers a convenient and responsive approach to managing diabetes, potentially transforming the lives of millions worldwide